List of
edible seeds
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A list of edible seeds here
includes seeds that are directly foodstuffs, rather than yielding derived
products.
A variety of species can provide edible
seeds. Of the six major plant parts, seeds are the dominant source of human
calories and protein.[1]
The other five major plant parts are roots, stems,
leaves,
flowers,
and fruits.
Most edible seeds are angiosperms, but a few are gymnosperms.
The most important global seed food source, by weight, is cereals,
followed by legumes, and nuts.[2]
The list is divided into the
following categories:
- Beans
(or Legumes) are protein-rich soft seeds.
- Cereals (or grains) are grass-like crops that are
harvested for their dry seeds. These seeds are often ground to make flour.
Cereals provide almost half of all calories consumed in the world.[3]
Botanically, true cereals are members of the Poaceae
or Grass family.
- Pseudocereals are cereal crops that are not members of the Poaceae
or Grass Family.
- Nuts
are botanically a specific type of fruit but the term is also applied to
many edible seeds that are not botanically nuts.
- Gymnosperms produce nut-like seeds but neither flowers nor
fruits.
Beans
- Bambara groundnut
- Chickpeas
- Cowpeas
- Dry beans, including
- Common bean
- several species of Vigna, such as the lentil
- Fava or broad beans
- Hyacinth bean
- Lablab
- Lentils
- Lupins
- Moringa oleifera
- Peas
- Peanuts
- Pigeon peas
- Sterculia
- Velvet beans
- Winged beans
- Yam beans
- Soybeans
Although some beans can be consumed
raw, some need to be heated before consumption. In certain cultures, beans that
need heating are initially prepared as a seed cake.
Beans that need heating include:[5]
- Acacia spp. (e.g. Acacia aneura (mulga), Acacia cowleana, Acacia estrophiolata
(ironweed), Acacia ligulata (umbrella bush), Acacia murrayana (tjuntjula), Acacia tetragonophylla
(wakalpulka), Acacia kempeana (Witchetty bush), Acacia coriacea (Wiry wattle), Acacia notabilis, Acacia pyrifolia, Acacia tetragonophylla,
Acacia victoriae, Acacia sophorae, Acacia stenophylla, Acacia tumida)
- Aleurites moluccana
- Atriplex nummularia
(Old man saltbush)
- Panicum
spp. (e.g. Panicum australiense,
Panicum decompositum,
Panicum effusum)
- Amaranthus mitchellii
- Amaranthus grandiflorus
- Brachiaria
spp. (e.g. Brachiaria piligera
Brachiaria milliformis)
- Brachychiton spp. (e.g. Brachychiton diversifolium
Brachychiton gregorii,
Brachychiton paradoxum,
Brachychiton populneum)
- Bruguiera rheedii
- Calandrinia balonensis
- Canarium australianum
- Canavalia maritima
- Entada phaseolides
- Eragrostris
spp. (Wangunu) (e.g. Eragrostris eriopoda)
- Eucalyptus leptopoda
- Eucalyptus microtheca
- Astrelba pectinata
(Mitchell grass)
- Portulaca oleracea
- Portulaca intraterranea
- Marsilea drummondii
(Nardoo)
- Nymphae gigantea
- Rhyncharrhena linearis
- Themeda australis
Cereals
True cereals are the seeds of certain species of
grass.
Three — maize, wheat and rice — account for about half of the calories consumed
by people every year.[3]
Grains can be ground to make flour, used as the basis of bread, cake, noodles
or other food products. They can also be boiled or steamed, either whole or
ground, and eaten as is. Many cereals are present or past staple foods,
providing a large fraction of the calories in the places that they are eaten. Cereals include:
- Barley
- Fonio
- Maize
(corn)
- Pearl Millet
- Oats
- Palmer's grass
- Rice
- Rye
- Sorghum
- Spelt
- Teff
- Triticale
- Wheat
- Wild rice
Pseudocereals
- Breadnut
- Buckwheat
- Cattail
- Chia
- Flax
- Grain amaranth
- Kañiwa
- Pitseed Goosefoot
- Quinoa
- Wattleseed
(also called acacia seed)
Nuts
According to the botanical
definition, nuts are a particular kind of seed.[6]
Chestnuts, hazelnuts, and acorns are examples of nuts, under this definition. In culinary terms,
however, the term is used more broadly to include fruits that are not
botanically qualified as nuts, but that have a similar appearance and culinary
role. Examples of culinary nuts include almonds, coconuts,
peanuts
and cashews.[7][8]
- Almond
- Beech
- Brazil nut
- Candlenut
- Cashew
- Chestnuts,
including:
- Coconut
- Colocynth
- Cucurbita ficifolia
- Filbert
- Gevuina avellana
- Hickory,
including
- Terminalia catappa
- Hazelnut
- Indian Beech
- Kola nut
- Macadamia
- Malabar chestnut
- Pistacia
- Mamoncillo
- Maya nut
- Mongongo
- Oak acorns
- Ogbono nut
- Paradise nut
- Pili nut
- Walnut
- Water Caltrop
Nut-like
gymnosperm seeds
- Cycads
- Ginkgo
- Gnetum gnemon
- Juniper
- Monkey-puzzle
- Pine nuts,
including
- Podocarps
Other
- Cempedak
- Egusi
- Euryale ferox (Fox nut)
- Fluted pumpkin
- Hemp
seed
- Jackfruit
- Lotus seed
- Malabar gourd
- Pumpkin seed
- Sunflower seed
- Sesame seed
The entire wiki link on this subject can be found at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_edible_seeds
Poster's comments:
One can use
the leftovers for worms, compost, heat
for the wood stoves, etc.
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