Ebola
Study Projects Spread of Virus
Up to 3 Infected People Could Fly Overseas
Every Month From Most-Affected African Nations
By Gautam Naik in the
Wall Street Journal
Up
to three Ebola-infected people could embark on overseas flights every month
from the three most-affected African countries, according to a new study that
projected travel patterns based on infection rates and recent flight schedules.
The
findings, published Monday in the journal Lancet, suggest that Ebola cases
could be spread overseas by unwitting travelers from the worst-hit
countries—Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
The
World Health Organization has estimated that, by early December, there could be
as many as 10,000 new cases a week in west Africa.
The
upshot is “that controlling the outbreak at the source is the most important
thing that needs to happen” to prevent the international spread of the virus,
said Kamran Khan, an infectious disease physician at St. Michael’s Hospital in
Toronto and lead author of the study.
The
researchers’ analysis assumed no exit screening in the airports of the three
African nations. In reality, exit screenings occur, but the authors contend
that this doesn’t change their conclusion because screenings can miss travelers
who don’t yet show signs of Ebola. A person can incubate the virus for up to 21
days without exhibiting signs of the disease.
That
was how Thomas Eric Duncan was able to board a flight from Liberia and show
signs of the disease only after he landed in Dallas on Sept. 20.
The
findings could stoke the debate about whether to implement a travel ban
affecting Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea. Health experts have argued against
a travel ban, maintaining that it won’t necessarily stop the spread of the
virus and will stanch the flow of aid and health workers to a region that needs
it most.
At
least eight airlines have suspended some service during the past several months
to Liberia, Guinea or Sierra Leone, said the charity Save the Children.
Air
France , Brussels Airlines
and Royal Air Maroc of Morocco are the three main passenger carriers still
operating international flights to the hot zone. Over the weekend, Belgium,
France and the U.K. said they were intensifying Ebola screening for passengers
arriving at their main international airports.
Earlier
this month, the U.S. added new screening measures at five airports on flights
from Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. In New York, Chicago, Atlanta,
Washington, D.C., and Newark, N.J., authorities check these travelers’
temperatures, health and potential exposure to Ebola, and collect their contact
information while in the U.S. Those airports receive 94% of the roughly 150
passengers from these three countries who arrive in the country daily,
officials said.
The
Lancet study takes into account international flight restrictions that were in
place to the three countries at the Ebola epicenter as of Sept. 1. Those
restrictions led to a 51% drop in passengers for Guinea, 66% for Liberia and
85% for Sierra Leone.
After
accounting for that level of decreased travel, the authors’ model projects that
2.8 passengers infected with Ebola would depart the three countries via
commercial flights, on average, every month.
The
projection by Dr. Khan and his colleagues suggests that about two-thirds of
these travelers are expected to fly to low/ lower-middle income countries. This
could pose a problem because poorer countries have fewer resources to identify
and track infected people.
The
two countries at highest risk of importing Ebola cases are Ghana and Senegal.
Senegal has had one Ebola scare involving a person who traveled overland from
Guinea.
The
risk to European countries or the U.S. is considerably less, showed the study
that was funded by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research. The research
concludes that for every case exported to the U.S., there will be about eight
cases exported to the U.K. and France combined.
The
WHO played down the danger.
Posters comments:
- Who knows what to believe?
- I am confident both opinions expressed in the Wall Street Journal (republished in this blog) are sincere.
- And don’t forget the idea of “time phasing” of any action. In simple English, Ebola could spread to Europe first (as a pandemic) and later the USA as a pandemic.
No comments:
Post a Comment